سورة النساء، الآية ١١Surah An-Nisa, ayah 11 (4:11)
يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِىٓ أَوۡلَٰدِكُمۡ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوۡقَ ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ وَإِن كَانَتۡ وَٰحِدَةً فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصۡفُ وَلِأَبَوَيۡهِ لِكُلِّ وَٰحِدٍ مِّنۡهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخۡوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِى بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٍ ءَابَآؤُكُمۡ وَأَبۡنَآؤُكُمۡ لَا تَدۡرُونَ أَيُّهُمۡ أَقۡرَبُ لَكُمۡ نَفۡعًا فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا ١١
The meaning in English
Allâh commands you as regards your children’s (inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females; if (there are) only daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of the inheritance; if only one, her share is a half. For parents, a sixth share of inheritance to each if the deceased left children; if no children, and the parents are the (only) heirs, the mother has a third; if the deceased left brothers (or sisters), the mother has a sixth. (The distribution in all cases is) after the payment of legacies he may have bequeathed or debts. You know not which of them, whether your parents or your children, are nearest to you in benefit; (these fixed shares) are ordained by Allâh. And Allâh is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.
Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali and Muhammad Muhsin Khan, King Fahd Complex
التفسير الميسر
يوصيكم الله ويأمركم في شأن أولادكم: إذا مات أحد منكم وترك أولادًا: ذكورًا وإناثًا، فميراثه كله لهم: للذكر مثل نصيب الأنثيين، إذا لم يكن هناك وارث غيرهم. فإن ترك بنات فقط فللبنتين فأكثر ثلثا ما ترك، وإن كانت ابنة واحدة، فلها النصف. ولوالِدَي الميت لكل واحد منهما السدس إن كان له ولد: ذكرًا كان أو أنثى، واحدًا أو أكثر. فإن لم يكن له ولد وورثه والداه فلأمه الثلث ولأبيه الباقي. فإن كان للميت إخوة اثنان فأكثر، ذكورًا كانوا أو إناثًا، فلأمه السدس، وللأب الباقي ولا شيء للإخوة. وهذا التقسيم للتركة إنما يكون بعد إخراج وصية الميت في حدود الثلث أو إخراج ما عليه من دَيْن. آباؤكم وأبْناؤكم الذين فُرِض لهم الإرث لا تعرفون أيهم أقرب لكم نفعًا في دنياكم وأخراكم، فلا تفضلوا واحدًا منهم على الآخر. هذا الذي أوصيتكم به مفروض عليكم من الله. إن الله كان عليمًا بخلقه، حكيمًا فيما شرعه لهم
التفسير الميسر، مجمع الملك فهد لطباعة المصحف الشريف
Word by word
| # | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | yūṣīkumu | Instructs you |
| 2 | l-lahu | Allah |
| 3 | fī | concerning |
| 4 | awlādikum | your children |
| 5 | lildhakari | for the male |
| 6 | mith'lu | like |
| 7 | ḥaẓẓi | (the) portion |
| 8 | l-unthayayni | (of) two females |
| 9 | fa-in | But if |
| 10 | kunna | there are |
| 11 | nisāan | (only) women |
| 12 | fawqa | more (than) |
| 13 | ith'natayni | two |
| 14 | falahunna | then for them |
| 15 | thuluthā | two thirds |
| 16 | mā | (of) what |
| 17 | taraka | he left |
| 18 | wa-in | And if |
| 19 | kānat | (there) is |
| 20 | wāḥidatan | (only) one |
| 21 | falahā | then for her |
| 22 | l-niṣ'fu | (is) half |
| 23 | wali-abawayhi | And for his parents |
| 24 | likulli | for each |
| 25 | wāḥidin | one |
| 26 | min'humā | of them |
| 27 | l-sudusu | a sixth |
| 28 | mimmā | of what |
| 29 | taraka | (is) left |
| 30 | in | if |
| 31 | kāna | is |
| 32 | lahu | for him |
| 33 | waladun | a child |
| 34 | fa-in | But if |
| 35 | lam | not |
| 36 | yakun | is |
| 37 | lahu | for him |
| 38 | waladun | any child |
| 39 | wawarithahu | and inherit[ed] him |
| 40 | abawāhu | his parents |
| 41 | fali-ummihi | then for his mother |
| 42 | l-thuluthu | (is) one third |
| 43 | fa-in | And if |
| 44 | kāna | are |
| 45 | lahu | for him |
| 46 | ikh'watun | brothers and sisters |
| 47 | fali-ummihi | then for his mother |
| 48 | l-sudusu | (is) the sixth |
| 49 | min | from |
| 50 | baʿdi | after |
| 51 | waṣiyyatin | any will |
| 52 | yūṣī | he has made |
| 53 | bihā | [of which] |
| 54 | aw | or |
| 55 | daynin | any debt |
| 56 | ābāukum | Your parents |
| 57 | wa-abnāukum | and your children |
| 58 | lā | not |
| 59 | tadrūna | you know |
| 60 | ayyuhum | which of them |
| 61 | aqrabu | (is) nearer |
| 62 | lakum | to you |
| 63 | nafʿan | (in) benefit |
| 64 | farīḍatan | An obligation |
| 65 | mina | from |
| 66 | l-lahi | Allah |
| 67 | inna | Indeed |
| 68 | l-laha | Allah |
| 69 | kāna | is |
| 70 | ʿalīman | All-Knowing |
| 71 | ḥakīman | All-Wise |